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The state-owned NTPC’s Kawas Gas blending project will mix hydrogen with piped natural gas (PNG) for domestic usage.

Hydrogen and PNG are being combined in this project for the first time in the nation. The amount of hydrogen-containing gas will initially be 5% of the total gas supply, and it will eventually increase to 20%.

The public sector power firm stated in a statement that the gas would be provided to 200 homes in the Aditya Nagar residential colony of NTPC Kawas in Hazira and that this would result in a 200-kilogram annual reduction in NTPC’s carbon emissions.

In addition, 200 families are expected to receive 100 standard cubic meters of gas every day from the project. An electrolyte membrane made of polymer with a 6.5-kilowatt capacity and a one-cubic-meter capacity will be installed in the facility (scmh). A 1 MW floating solar power plant at NTPC Kawas will provide energy for the hydrogen generating facility. The gas will be supplied to Aditya Nagar residential colony of NTPC Kawas in Hazira, the public sector power major said in a statement, adding that, with this, NTPC will mitigate 200 kg of carbon generation every year.

NTPC has adopted a number of measures to increase the nation’s environmental imprint, including the construction of renewable energy projects, to add to its green portfolio.

The Gujarati facility in Kawas was going to blend green hydrogen and natural gas as one of NTPC’s upcoming green projects. Along with the NTPC Nokh Solar Project in Jaisalmer and the Green Hydrogen Mobility Project in Leh, Ladakh, the projects’ foundation stones were set on Saturday by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

The plant will be equipped with a 6.5KW polymer electrolyte membrane with one standard cubic meter per hour(scmh). The hydrogen generation plant will be operated using power generated through a 1 MW capacity floating solar power plant.

In Leh, NTPC launched India’s first green hydrogen mobility project using a fuel cell electric vehicle as part of the country’s efforts to achieve Carbon Neutral Ladakh (CNL) and decarbonize the economy. The first pilot project in India to introduce FCEVs for public use is the green hydrogen transportation initiative in Leh, Ladakh.

A 735 MW Solar PV Project is also being built by NTPC in Nokh, Rajasthan. The installation of high-wattage bifacial PV Modules with a tracker system at a single location makes this India’s largest Domestic Content Requirement (DCR)-based Solar Project.

India is on track to overtake China as the world leader in green hydrogen and to compete with it for the top spot in the solar energy sector, according to the country’s electrical minister.

Increased investments in renewable energy, particularly those coming from abroad, are putting India in a strong position to become a major supplier of clean energy technologies as well as a low-emissions exporter of hydrogen and ammonia. Raj Kumar Singh, the minister of power and renewable energy, said on Tuesday in Sydney.

On the margins of a two-day energy summit and meetings of the Quad group of countries, which also includes the United States, Japan, and Australia, Singh declared that his country would overtake China as the leading producer of high-efficiency solar cells and modules. We’ll be the biggest producers of green hydrogen and green ammonia on the entire planet.

Singh claims that India now has a capacity of about 15 gigawatts for the production of solar cells and modules and that an additional 50 gigawatts are being added right now. He claimed that coupled with significant local advances, foreign investment in renewables will “rise dramatically,” averaging between $9 billion and $11 billion annually.

While Mukesh Ambani’s Reliance Industries Ltd., one of India’s most valuable companies, plans to increase the production of solar panels, electrolyzers for clean hydrogen, and rechargeable batteries, billionaire Gautam Adani has committed to investing $70 billion in clean energy assets, including green hydrogen. Last month, the French oil company TotalEnergies SE agreed to work with Adani in India on hydrogen cooperation.

In the interview, Singh said, “We are the biggest and most attractive renewable energy market in the world. The government has in the past provided subsidies for regional solar panel production, and it is currently thinking about doing the same for electrolyzer production.

According to Singh, a sharp rise in imports has relieved the strain on India’s coal supply, which is used for roughly 70% of electrical generating. Despite the spike in global prices, the government has expanded its imports of fuel from overseas in an effort to avoid a repeat of last year’s power shortages.

In terms of solar cell and module production worldwide, India now makes up a very minor portion. China manufactured more than two-thirds of modules and 86 percent of cells in 2021, according to BloombergNEF, dominating both industries.

To address the energy needs of the NHPC guest house, NHPC will create a pilot green hydrogen fuel cell-based microgrid that includes hydrogen production.

The state-owned hydropower juggernaut NHPC announced on Friday that it had inked two memorandums of understanding (MoUs) for the development of pilot green hydrogen technologies to lower the carbon footprint in the power industry in the Leh and Kargil districts of the UT of Ladakh.

According to the official press announcement, NHPC will create a pilot green hydrogen fuel cell-based microgrid, which will also produce hydrogen, to satisfy the guest house’s electricity needs at the Nimmo Bazgo power plant in Leh.

As per MOU signed for Leh district, NHPC shall consider the development of a Pilot Green Hydrogen fuel cell-based Microgrid including Hydrogen production to meet the power requirement of the NHPC guest house. According to the MOU signed for the Kargil district, the hydrogen generated in Kargil will be used in fuel cells for mobility which will be capable to run two buses for up to 8 hrs in the local area of Kargil.

NHPC shall upscale hydrogen production on a commercial scale to supply the hydrogen need of the Ladakh region in different sectors like mobility, transportation, heating, and Micro-grid & subsequent MoU shall be signed separately.

These two Pilot projects will create a roadmap for the future development of Green Hydrogen & subsequent reduction of carbon emissions in the transportation/heating sector and will also attract long-term investment in the Hydrogen economy creating different revenue streams & job opportunities for the youth of UT of Ladakh.

According to the statement, “The hydrogen created in Kargil will be used in fuel cells for mobility, which will be able to drive two buses for up to eight hours in the local Kargil area.”

R K Mathur, the Lieutenant Governor of the UT of Ladakh, was present when the MoUs were signed on Thursday.

In order to meet the region of Ladakh’s needs for hydrogen in several sectors, including mobility, transportation, heating, and microgrid, NHPC intends to scale up hydrogen production on a commercial scale. The ensuing MoU will be signed separately.

In addition to reducing carbon emissions in the transportation and heating sectors, the two pilot projects will lay the groundwork for future green hydrogen development. They will also draw long-term investment into the hydrogen economy, generating new sources of income and job possibilities.

A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between M/s Greenko ZeroC Private Limited (Greenko) and Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) has been signed to jointly seek opportunities in renewable energy, green hydrogen, green ammonia, and other derivatives of green hydrogen.
The two-year agreement was signed in New Delhi on July 26, 2022, by ONGC Director Onshore Shri Anurag Sharma and Greenko CEO & Managing Director Shri Anil Kumar Chalamalasetty. Also present were Union Minister of Petroleum and Natural Gas & Urban Affairs Shri Hardeep Singh Puri, Secretary (MoP&NG) Shri Pankaj Jain, ONGC CMD Dr. Alka Mittal, and ONGC Director (Finance).

One of the most well-known suppliers of renewable energy in India is Greenko. It is valid for two years. Hardeep Singh Puri witnessed the signing. According to a statement by the Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas, India’s goal of producing 5 million tonnes of Green Hydrogen per year by 2030 will be achieved through the activities set out in this MoU.

However, Hydrogen gas is not available in independent form in nature on the earth’s surface. Hence it is to be extracted from various sources of Hydrogen. The two most significant sources of Hydrogen are – Water and Hydrocarbons (fossils).

(MoU) has been signed by Oil & Natural Gas Corporation and M/s Greenko ZeroC (Greenko) to cooperatively seek prospects in renewable energy, green hydrogen, green ammonia, and other green hydrogen derivatives and to work together to look for opportunities in the green hydrogen and renewable energy sectors.

The goal of this MoU is to make India a center for green hydrogen on a global scale, in keeping with the National Hydrogen Mission established by the Honourable Prime Minister. In order to meet India’s goal of producing 5 million tonnes of green hydrogen annually by 2030, the efforts envisioned under this MoU will be helpful.

Hydrogen Gentech Private Limited (HGPL) uses different technologies for the production of Hydrogen gas from Water and Hydrocarbons. Through water electrolysis using Bipolar Technology (Green technology) from water. Through Steam Methane Reforming and Methanol Cracking from Hydrocarbons.
Based in India, Hydrogen Gentech Private Limited (HGPL) is a manufacturer and provider of hydrogen generation plants using international technology. a business that has a distinct focus on green hydrogen generation, purification, and recovery technologies, as well as its applications in the industries of industry, renewable energy, fuel, and transportation.

Union Minister for Power and New and Renewable Energy, Shri R. K. Singh said that the government is working to develop mandates for green hydrogen blending in refineries, fertilisers, and city gas networks. These would create the necessary demand and lead to economies of scale for critical technologies like electrolysers.

The government is also developing a Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) programme to support the indigenisation of electrolysers. The initiative would target the establishment of 10 GW of domestic manufacturing capacity.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi has announced the National Hydrogen Mission and his vision to make India a global green hydrogen production and export hub last month.

In recent months, leading Indian companies have expressed interest in scaling up green hydrogen. In February, the union government announced a host of incentives as part of the Green Hydrogen Policy to develop India as a hub for green hydrogen manufacturing and exports. In October, RIL and Danish electrolyser manufacturer, Stiesdal, signed agreements to start local manufacturing in India. This could well be the start of a new industry that could support India’s economic growth in the coming decades.

Corporate boardrooms have also bought into the viability of the technology. Last year, some of India’s biggest companies announced substantial investments in different parts of the green hydrogen ecosystem. Globally, steel manufacturing contributes to around 7% of total greenhouse gas emissions.

In 2021, India’s largest commercial vehicle manufacturer, Tata Motors Ltd joined hands with Indian Oil Corp LTD to conduct a trial with 15 hydrogen fuel-cell-powered buses.Investments from the likes of IOCL also augurs well as this would ensure investments in production, storage, and supply of green hydrogen. The CEEW study recommends setting up a pilot green steel plant in India to promote domestic expertise in using hydrogen for steelmaking.

Policy changes that nudge Indian steelmakers to institutionalise high R&D spending and participate in technology collaboration and pilots must also be pursued. Finally, the hydrogen economy will need support from regulatory drivers like strict emissions norms and a pricing mechanism that penalises polluting fuels and incentivises cleaner alternatives.

A thriving local production ecosystem will not only create a domestic market but is expected to push exports as well, especially to countries such as Japan, South Korea, Singapore, and others. Export is considered lucrative since companies draw higher profit margins.

Hydrogen Roundtable was organized on 15^th April 2021 in virtual mode by The Energy Forum and FIPI under the aegis of Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas.

The title given to roundtable was “Hydrogen Economy – the Indian Dialogue- 2021”.
Main purpose of the roundtable was to discuss emerging hydrogen ecosystem by tracking down the road map for exploring opportunities for cooperation, collaboration and coalition.
The hydrogen roundtable was the first of its kind that compromised a High-level Ministerial session.
Green hydrogen also holds an important role in the growth of hydrogen economy because green hydrogen is produced through renewable resources like solar or winds, however the presence of these renewable resources very all around the world which can become a challenge for its systematic development.
The objective of this roundtable was to understand the progress of hydrogen ecosystem across continents and contribute to creating synchrony.

Hydrogen and its types:

It is the first and lightest element of periodic table.
Its pure form is H2 but it’s rarely found in this form.
It is a diatomic and highly combustible gas.
It is a clean fuel with zero emission when burned in oxygen.
There are 3 types of hydrogen:
Grey Hydrogen – It is extracted from hydrocarbons such as fossil fuels, natural gas etc. It constitutes India’s bulk production and it’s by product is CO2.
Blue Hydrogen – It is sourced form fossil fuels and its by products are CO and CO2 that are captured and stored making it a better option than Grey Hydrogen.
Green Hydrogen – It is generated from renewable energy like solar and wind energy. Electricity splits water into hydrogen and oxygen. Its by products are water and water vapours, making it the best option among grey and blue hydrogen.

Why should we choose hydrogen?

India’s production of electricity is heavily coal dependent and it is not good for our environment.
Green hydrogen has many uses in industry and it can be stored in gas pipelines. It can be used to transport the renewable energy when it is converted into ammonia or a zero-carbon fuel.
Hydrogen will replace fossil fuels so that pollution can be reduces and will address oil-price rise.
Hydrogen is most abundant element in universe and it is lighter, energy dense and two three times more efficient than burning petrol.
Transportation sector alone contributes in 1/3^rd of India’s green-house emission.
Hydrogen will benefit transportation, iron and steel and chemical sectors.

What is Hydrogen Economy?

“Hydrogen Economy”, this term was coined by John Bockris for the first time in 1970.
Hydrogen Economy is an envisioned future where hydrogen is used for energy storage, as a clean fuel for vehicles, and long-distance transport of energy because of excellent qualities of hydrogen.
Consequences of hydrogen economy will be hydrogen production, storage, transport and utilization.
It is estimated that green hydrogen will play a big part in the hydrogen economy in future specially in Europe and Japan in next 10 years.

National Hydrogen Mission

It was announced by the Finance-minister in the budget of 2021-22.
Focus of this mission is to link India’s growing renewable capacity with hydrogen economy and generation of hydrogen using green power resources.
Dharmendra Pradhan who is the petroleum and natural gas minister said that they are mainly focusing on the development of infrastructure for increasing the production of green hydrogen.
Significances
India wants to scale up the gas pipeline infrastructure.
Due to its favourable geographic conditions and abundance of natural elements, India has a huge edge in green hydrogen production.
Producing green hydrogen in India can be cost effective.

Other Country’s Hydrogen Plan

Japan – has announced its Basic Hydrogen Policy in 2017. Under which Japan wants to have an international supply chain of Hydrogen and Japan has signed its first hydrogen cooperation deal with UAE to consider supply chain.
South Korea – is also moving in the same direction as Japan and under its policy it wants transparency in hydrogen pricing and want to create an infrastructure for hydrogen driven vehicles.
China – established Z-park Hydrogen and fuel cell industry alliance and is set to be handed a huge boost to hydrogen technology advancement and networking.
Spain – Cummins, the global energy leader has planned to invest in spain specifically in Castilla-La Mancha and wants to build one of the largest green hydrogen production plant there.

Challenges in the way of hydrogen economy

Cost of maintenance for post-completion of fuel cell of a plant can be high.
Economic sustainability of extracting green and blue hydrogen.
Huge investment in Research and Development of such technology and infrastructure.
Green hydrogen production needs optimising plant designs and enhanced infrastructure but with the limited market data and low maturity it can be costly for the government.
Other challenge faced by green hydrogen production is the high energy lose. In the production of green energy losses of energy is quite high in its intermediate processes.

CONCLUSION

Due to the immense benefits of green hydrogen, everyone e=wants to increase its production. More than 10 countries right now are thinking of installing infrastructure for green hydrogen production. Green hydrogen offers solution to many problems whether related to environment or industry. As an alternative to fossil fuels and to make our environment much cleaner and pollution free government all over the world should launch schemes or projects for more green hydrogen production. With the increase in use of green hydrogen we can see a maintainable future.

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